Nation-state actors are responsible for approximately 75% of cyber-attacks targeting the UK's critical infrastructure, according to the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC). This stark assessment underscores the significant threat posed by hostile states to the UK's essential services and systems. The NCSC's warning highlights the shifting landscape of cyber threats, where geopolitical motivations now play a dominant role. The fact that three-quarters of these attacks originate from state-aligned groups indicates a calculated effort to disrupt critical infrastructure, with potential consequences extending far beyond the immediate target1. The involvement of nation-state actors raises the stakes, as these attacks can no longer be viewed solely as criminal activity, but rather as a form of geopolitical posturing. This escalation has significant implications for the security and resilience of critical infrastructure, making it essential for organizations to reevaluate their threat models and defenses. So what matters most to practitioners is recognizing that state-sponsored attacks now dominate the threat landscape, demanding a proportional response to mitigate these elevated risks.