A recent cyberattack on medical device manufacturer Stryker, claimed by an Iranian hacking group, may be Tehran's first notable cyber action since the U.S.-Israel conflict began. However, it is unclear whether the attack was intentional or a chance occurrence, highlighting the ambiguous nature of Iranian cyber activity. The attack's success may have been a fortunate accident for the hackers, rather than a deliberate strike. Cybersecurity firms and threat intelligence trackers are struggling to distinguish between genuine attacks and false claims, making it challenging to assess the actual threat posed by Iranian hackers. The lack of clarity surrounding Iranian cyber operations is complicated by the abundance of noise and misinformation, making it difficult for critical infrastructure owners to separate fact from fiction1. This ambiguity matters to cybersecurity practitioners, as it hinders their ability to develop effective defenses against potential Iranian cyber threats.